Cryptic speciation and recombination in the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus.
نویسندگان
چکیده
Aspergillus flavus, like approximately one-third of ascomycete fungi, is thought to be cosmopolitan and clonal because it has uniform asexual morphology. A. flavus produces aflatoxin on nuts, grains, and cotton, and assumptions about its life history are being used to develop strategies for its biological control. We tested the assumptions of clonality and conspecificity in a sample of 31 Australian isolates by assaying restriction site polymorphisms from 11 protein encoding genes and DNA sequences from five of those genes. A. flavus isolates fell into two reproductively isolated clades (groups I and II). The lack of concordance among gene genealogies among isolates in one of the clades (group I) was consistent with a history of recombination. Our analysis included five strains of the closely related industrial fungus A. oryzae, all of which proved to be clonally related to group I.
منابع مشابه
Twenty-four microsatellite markers for the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus.
Aspergillus flavus infects both plants and humans and contaminates diverse agricultural crops with aflatoxins, highly carcinogenic fungal metabolites. We describe 24 microsatellite markers developed to assess genetic diversity and recombination within and between three vegetative compatibility groups (VCGs) of Aspergillus flavus. These loci are polymorphic within at least one VCG or between VCG...
متن کاملGenetic isolation among sympatric vegetative compatibility groups of the aflatoxin-producing fungus Aspergillus flavus.
Aspergillus flavus, a fungal pathogen of animals and both wild and economically important plants, is most recognized for producing aflatoxin, a cancer-causing secondary metabolite that contaminates food and animal feed globally. Aspergillus flavus has two self/nonself recognition systems, a sexual compatibility system and a vegetative incompatibility system, and both play a role in directing ge...
متن کاملThe phylogenetics of mycotoxin and sclerotium production in Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus oryzae.
Aspergillus flavus is a common filamentous fungus that produces aflatoxins and presents a major threat to agriculture and human health. Previous phylogenetic studies of A. flavus have shown that it consists of two subgroups, called groups I and II, and morphological studies indicated that it consists of two morphological groups based on sclerotium size, called "S" and "L." The industrially impo...
متن کاملCulture characteristics and aflatoxin producing strains of Aspergillus flavus from maize grains
Accepted: 21-03-2015 The known mycotoxin the most important which have been studied mostly because of possible hazards to human health are the afltoxins.Aflatoxins produced very commonly by two species of Aspergillus viz. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasitic. In this study growth pattern and culture characteristics of Aspergillus flavus isolates were studied. Twelve strains of A. flavus...
متن کاملExpression of aflR, veA and laeA as regulators of aflatoxins and cyclopiazonic acid biosynthesis pathway in Aspergillus flavus
In this study, the production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) was investigated in toxigenic and non-toxigenic Aspergillus flavus with respect to expression of aflR, veA and laeA genes that are involved to toxins production. A. flavus strains were cultured in YES broth at 28 °C for 4 days and the presence of (AFB1) and (CPA) was confirmed and measured by TLC and HPLC. The exp...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
عنوان ژورنال:
- Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
دوره 95 1 شماره
صفحات -
تاریخ انتشار 1998